On the third of December 1723 the Emperor Peter the Great published the Edict encouraging and giving wide privileges to development of Russian industry. In 1735 a merchant Maxim Grigoryevich Pereyaslavtsev and his children handed in a petition to Uglich Commercial Office regarding permission to build a Paper Mill in Uglich or its suburbs. In response to this petition this is the published Edict of Empress Anna Ioannovna below.
In accordance with Her Imperial Majesty's Edict, together with the Commercial Collegial from 26 September 1735, Maxim Pereyaslavtsev and his sons - Ivan, Mikhail, Vasiliy, Grigoriy, and Kozma - were permitted to find a suitable place for a Paper Mill. Permission is granted for the building of a paper wind - or water mill on the State land in the town of Uglich or its outskirts, on rented or purchased land. The above merchant and his sons should sign a document in which will be mentioned that it is their responsibility to manage to the best of their ability, the mill, where good quality paper for all purposes, as well as fine book paper will be produced in a first class manner. All the necessary materials and tools must be bought paying the required tax. For a fixed period of five years the paper produced must be sold in Russia, without any tax. Hired personnel working within the factory should not be bondsmen ie not owned by landlords according to the rules. Employed workers must be paid at good rates for their work. The Commercial Office must be notified of any matters or conflicts between Pereyaslavtsev, his sons and the employed except state and criminals matters, that should be notified to the Commercial Office. According to Instruction - Register Number 16 - of the Manufacture Collegium, the adequate land tax must be paid by Pereyaslavtsev and his sons regularly without charging them excessive sums.
In accordance with Manufacture Collegium and forthcoming additional Edicts of Her Imperial Majesty - these necessary reports about the conditions of the Paper Mill must be submitted by Pereyaslavtsev and his sons twice a year in January and July to the Commercial Office. This will cover the progress of the factory and growth of the income as well as any improvements made during the course of the year. Pereyaslavtsev should report on the quality, quantity and cost of the produced paper and send samples to the Commercial Office. Uglich Regional Office has to inform Pereyaslavtsev of Her Majesty's Edict and control his business in compliance with above Edict
30 September 1735 '
The original Edict is signed by : Michail Shafirov and Gerichev, the Secretary
This Edict is sealed with the Black Seal and with the special imprint of The State Coat of Arms of Her Majesty the Empress. This copy is taken from the Uglich Provincial Office Book of Edicts (page 1020 - 1023), that is kept in Yaroslav. Academic Committee.’
Pereyaslavtsev built the Paper Mill on the left bank of the river Volga next to the river Korozhen (should read Korozhechna - RG). This factory worked with twelve water - powered rolls, and the paper was made using dipping. General production totally depended on the level of water in the river, so if the water level was high then all twelve rolls functioned, when the water level was low only six or three rolls would work.
The types of paper that were produced on the Paper Mill were - writing paper, up to the fourth quality grade, drawing paper, tinsel and wrapping paper. Altogether over 6, 500 reams were produced costing 5,000 silver roubles.
The paper manufactured in the factory was sold in the following large markets, in the towns of Moscow, Rostov, Tver, Yaroslavl and Nizhny Novgorod
In 1763 the owner of the Paper Mill - Maxim Grigoryevich Pereyaslavtsev - died and his sons inherited the business. In 1800 it got into considerable debts and was sold to Lavrentey Alexeevich Popov - first guild merchant from the town of Rybynsk
From the Paper Mill Journal of 1811 we can see that Popov made a great effort to rebuild and change the factory, which remained in a neglected state after the death of Pereyaslavtsev. So in 1803 Popov completely rebuilt and enhanced the whole of the factory.
At that time there were up to 160 workers both male and female.
The following types of paper were produced - stationary paper, vellum, Dutch paper, alexandriskaya, writing paper up to the fourth quality, and book and water - marked paper. Altogether - up to 10,000 reams worth 82,000 roubles as banknotes.
By the amount of different types of paper mentioned above we come to the conclusion that Popov's manufacture greatly increased and supplied the market with very high quality paper, even to the extent of State water - marked paper.
In the correspondence of the Ministry of Internal Affairs with the Yaroslavl Governor, Prince Golitsyn, is clear that it was due to Popov's hard work that the high quality of paper was achieved.
In 1811 the examples of paper produced in the Uglich Paper Factory was presented by the Minister of Internal Affairs to the Emperor Alexander I. These samples were so approved that Lavrenty Alexeevich Popov was superlatively awarded a Gold Medal with " For Effectiveness " printed on it, due to his assiduousness in distribution to the general State sector of industry. In 1830 after the death of Lavrenty Alexeevich Popov his brothers inherited the paper factory. Later the business went down and in 1853 they ended up bankrupt. They had to sell the factory together with the land and its inventory to three people - Alexander Ivanovich Vargunin - a first guild merchant from St. Petersburg, Ivan Ivanovich Bannister - Collegial Secretary and Ivan (John?) Egorovich GOBERT - a resident of Great Britain. They founded a joint stock co - operation named " Uglich Paper Factory Ltd. ", the charter of which is registered on 27 December 1857.
In the period from 1857 the Company of the Uglich Paper Factory rebuilt and refurbished the whole factory once again. The factory had a plot of land for the factory building and the yard - 11 desyatin (20.9 hectares). That was altogether 92 sq. sajenes ( 0.75 acres or 1.96 sq. km ). The number of workers reached 200. Annual paper production exceeded 20,000 pud (327.600 kg), worth over 100,000 roubles and, by gradually improving the factory, increased to 200,000 pud (3.276.000 kg), worth over 1,000,000 roubles with an annual turnover of 1,800,000 roubles.
The current state of The Uglich Paper Factory is as follows :
There are 500 workers in the factory. The land plot taken up by the factory and the factory yard consists of 26 desyatin (49.4 hectares), the total area belonging to the Uglich Paper Factory Ltd. amounts to 1,300 sq. sajenes (1.1 acres, 1.72 miles, 2.77 km) , there are two paper making machines, two sets of paper hollanders and three paper cutting machines as well as a compartment for the preparation of tissue (cigarette) paper on ribbons, with five cutting - roll machines and a machine for glueing paper tubes on rings for bobbins. Every machine is modern and powered by electricity.
There is also a compartment for ruling paper with four ruling machines and one seam-closing electrical machine.
The boiler room compartment holds seven steam cauldrons with average surface heating of 8,600 sq. feet with two economisers - Grinn system, and two brick chimneys.
The main engine of the factory is a big triple expansion steam machine - Zoolster system, of 600 indicated horse power, a 75 horse power steam turbine - De - Laval system, and a 75 horse power water turbine.
For the cleaning of rags from dirt and dust there are two scutching and jerking machines, a rag - boiling compartment with six cauldrons, of which average capacity is 1500 cu f, 42 cu m )
There is a roll compartment with three blanching, seven irrigation and twenty commercial rolls and a wood - pulp compartment with three grating machines for wood - pulp production for the factory's proprietary use.
There are two pairs of runners for processing paper and wood - pulp rejects.
Water supply for the whole factory was by means of five steam pumps, pumping water from the river, up to 18 thousand buckets an hour. The factory is has also an artesian well, with a twelve inch wide slit ( depth 80 sajenes) feeding 8,000 buckets of water an hour with an electrically operated rotary Farco system pump.
The electricity power station has three dynamo machines for energy transmission and lighting the factory, the flats and the yard.
HERE is a listing of all the major paper mills
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During March 2010, I found the following information on the web -
from http://www.encspb.ru/en/article.php?kod=2804002275 Vargunin Family, entrepreneurs VARGUNIN FAMILY, entrepreneurs, former peasants of Yaroslavl Region. Ivan Grigorievich Vargunin (?-1826) was a stationery seller in St. Petersburg. His son Alexander Ivanovich (1807-1877) built Nevskaya Stationery Factory together with J. Gobbert in 1839-40, reorganised into Bumaga Joint-Stock Company in 1994 and located at 54 Oktyabrskaya Embankment. He was a member of the Literary Fund and an honorary member of the Council of the House of Mercy and Apprenticeship for Poor Children, and the Council of St. Petersburg Commercial School. He donated money to publish 12 volumes of the Reference Encyclopaedia edited by A. Kray and A. V. Starchevsky in 1847-55. He and his brother Pavel Ivanovich (1812-1880) founded The Vargunin Brothers Partnership of the Nevskaya Stationery Factory in 1871, and his son Konstantin Alexandrovich (1839-1920s) was the head of the company from 1878. Konstantin Alexandrovich was a member of the board of St. Petersburg Discount and Loan Bank from 1890 and the chairman of the board from 1908, member of the Trade and Manufactory Council in the Ministry of Finance, of the Council of the Society for Assistance to Russian Industry and Trade, and of St. Petersburg City Industrial Board. He lived in his father's house at 8 Karavannaya Street, in a mansion at 45 Znamenskaya Street in the 1880s, a mansion built by architect A. P. Gemilian, assisted by V. A. Hartman, in 1857-59, and at 6 Zapasny Lane, Pavlovsk from 1915. A mansion was built upon his request by architect A. I. von Gogen at 52 Furshtatskaya Street in 1896-99, which has served as the Palace of Wedding since 1963. He emigrated after October 1917. His elder brother Ivan Alexandrovich Vargunin (1835-1898) was a founding member of St. Petersburg Discount and Loan Bank in 1869 and Volzhsko-Kamsky Bank in 1870 and was also known as a collector of art. Another of his brothers, Evgeny Alexandrovich Vargunin (1842-1890) founded a chemical plant in the settlement of Smolenskoe near Nevskaya Zastava, which gave its name to Vargunin Street nearby (not preserved to this day). His brother Nikolay Alexandrovich Vargunin (1850-1897) was a hereditary honorary citizen, member of St. Petersburg City Duma in 1881-93 and the Duma's Public Education Committee, and director of the board in Nevsky Chemical Plant Company founded in 1892. The Vargunov family built a residential house for the workers of their factory in 1867 (today, 2 Novoselov Street), opened a church nearby in 1868, arranged elementary schools for children of workers of Nevskaya Zastava, including a school in the settlement of Farforovskoe in 1879 and Sunday night schools for adults in 1883, including a school in the settlement of Smolenskoe (today, 107 Obukhovskoy Oborony Avenue), and public libraries. They also founded Nevskoe Public Entertainment Company in 1891.
FURSHTATSKAYA STREET, from Liteiny Avenue to Potemkinskaya Street. The street was laid in the 18th century next to Liteiny Court and named Third Artilleryskaya Street, to adopt the name Furshtatskaya (Furshtadtskaya) Street in 1806 only, after so-called furshtat (a military transport unit), the transport of the Preobrazhensky Life Guards Regiment, located on the site of house No. 21. From 1923 to 1991, it was called Petra Lavrova Street, in commemoration of P.L. Lavrov, who lived here in houses Nos. 62 and 50 at various times. The only remnant of the buildings of the first half of the 19th century is house No. 26, formerly the Circuit Court of Liteinaya Police-Station. At the turn of the 19th - 20th centuries Furshtatskaya Street was built over with apartment houses and mansions of nobility. In 1896-99, house No. 52 was built (architect A.I. von Gogen), the former K.A. Vargunin's mansion (see on google earth at 59 56 43.06 N 30 21 53.76E) and now a Wedding Palace. House No. 24, formerly Prince V.S. Kochubey"s mansion, was built in 1908-10 (1908-10, architect R.F. Meltzer); the building is a striking example of the Art Nouveau style. House No. 27 (once belonged to merchant A.G. Eliseev) was occupied by A.F. Koni in 1878-85, while I.L. Goremykin, the chairman of the Council of Ministers, lived in house No. 14.
http://www.faberge-museum.de/show.php?collection=3&lang=en
see above for Faberge-made vargunin stamp. Museum is in+49 (0) 7221 970890Sophienstraße 30, 76530,
Baden-Baden, Germany
http://www.enlight.ru/camera/65/index_e.html - see this site for photos of St Petersburg
From http://www.bonhams.com
Lot No: 162
BASHUTSKII (ALEXANDR PAVLOVICH, editor)
Nashi spisannye s natury russkimi, 7 parts in one vol. (all published), first edition, pp.177, engraved front wrapper with general title and 7 divisional titles, wood-engraved frontispiece by Deriker after Timm, 7 wood-engraved frontispieces of Russian "types", and numerous wood-engraved illustrations, by Klodt, Deriker, Nedel'gorst and Link after Timm, Shchedrovskii and Shevchenko, slight browning, wrapper re-attached, contemporary half morocco, spine gilt, 4to, St. Petersberg, Isakov, 1841
Sold for £5,520 inclusive of Buyer's Premium
Footnote:
Lermontov's copy of the rare first edition of the first profusely illustrated Russian publication of its type, a satyrical work on Russian street life, manners and people. It was issued in 14 parts by subscription only, and printed on specially made paper at the Gover & Vargunin factory. Complete copies with the frontispiece, introduction and title wrapper, and in such good condition, are especially scarce.
Provenance: M.A. Lermontov, with his ink stamp on front free endpaper; Fekula Collection, no. 4522.
From mirsloverai.com
Vargunin, Alexander Ivanovich (1807 - 80) - the founder of the Neva stationery factory built them in 1839, together with British subjects, John Gobbertom, later yielded its share of his partner's brother, Pavel Ivanovich Vargunin. Nevsky factory, Russia's first introduced the production of paper using the steam engine, as well as the production of a surrogate of straw. Starting with 430,000 pounds of annual manufacture of paper in the amount of 190,000 rubles, the factory, the day of 50 years of its existence, working on three paper machines, has reached annual production of 8 000 000 pounds worth more than 1 400 000 rubles - Vladimir Pavlovich Vargunin (died 1888) - Ph.D. in St. Petersburg University, managing the factory, did much to improve the life of workers, he founded a guardianship, a school for workers, hostel, Sunday schools for adults. Варгунины (с 1857 г.). Vargunin (since 1857) are also members of the company Uglich stationery factory (in Uglich) - one of the best Russian factories, now excrete paper. Son of Alexander Ivanovich - Nikolai Vargunin (1850 - 1897), after graduating from university, has devoted himself to the cause of public education among the large factory population Shlisselbourg plot, the first time with his cousin, Vladimir. Thanks to him, there are technical classrooms, libraries, "Neva Society of popular entertainment device ", with a reading and theater, and other educational institutions. As the vowel of the St. Petersburg City Council and St. Petersburg provincial and district assemblies Zemsky, Vargunin cared mainly about elementary schools. - See "Proceedings of the Imperial Free Economic Society", 1897, № 5.
From http://encpiter.ru (Encyclopaedia of Saint Petersburg)
OKTYABRSKAYA EMBANKMENT translated as October Embankment and known as Pravogo Berega Nevy Embankment before 1973. It runs between Zolnaya Street and Novosaratovka Settlement and crosses a number of settlements such as Klochki, Malaya Arkhiereyskaya Sloboda, Vesely Poselok, Malaya Rybatskaya, Sosnovka, Utkina Zavod, and Rusanovka. It was named in honour of the 56th anniversary of the October Revolution of 1917. The Hostel of Alexander Nevsky Lavra was opened at number 18-22 in 1820. Among the buildings erected on the embankment in 1840s were Vargunin and Gobert's Stationery Factory now known as Bumaga Factory at number 54 and the factory of the Thornton Brothers now known as Nevskaya Manufaktura at number 50. Workers' camp was built by architects V. A. Alvang and G. D. Grimm in 1933. On the embankment there is also Kinoveevskoe Cemetery situated at number 16a, Pigment Works at number 38, St. Petersburg River Port at number 40, Reaktiv Company at number 44, and Krasny Oktyabr Cogeneration Plant No. 5 at number 108. The embankment was reconstructed in 2003. G. Y. Nikitenko.
VESELY POSELOK, an area in the south-east of St. Petersburg, on the right bank of the Neva River, between Dybenko Street, Bolshevikov Avenue and Novoselov Street. In the middle of the 19th century, a small industrial community appeared on the territory adjacent to the stationery factory of the Vargunins and cloth factory of Thornton. This settlement became one of the most underdeveloped city suburbs, that caused its ironic name (Vesely Poselok - "merry settlement"). The part of Vesely Poselok adjacent to the Neva River is an industrial zone formed in the late 19th century. There Nevskaya Manufaktura, Bumaga, Plastmassy, Reaktiv, the freight area of the Northwest Steamship Line and other enterprises are located. The territory to the east from Dalnevostochny Avenue was built up with standard residential houses in the late 1960s - early 1970s. The Nevskoe Memorial Military Cemetery is located on the territory of Vesely Poselok.
From http://www.encspb.ru/en/article.php?kod=2804002275 St Petersburg encyclopeodia
Nevsky Society for Public Amusements Arrangement
NEVSKY SOCIETY FOR PUBLIC AMUSEMENTS ARRANGEMENT, a non-governmental organisation instituted on 9 September1891 by a group of Nevsky Zastava manufacturers. The society was preceded by an intellectuals' coterie headed by manufacturer V.P. Vargunin; its members arranged popular carnivals for local workers in Alexandrovskoe Village (currently, Troitsky Field area) since 1885.
Historical background to the Nevsky area
Catherine II gave it to her famed associate statesman Alexander Andreevich Bezborodko. Later the area was occupied by the German settlers located there at the start of the 1760’s as a result of Catherine the Great’s decree, and gave the area it’s unique local color. At the end of the 18th century the area, including the pine forest, came into possession of Prince Gagarin. The last owner was General Chernov. Today the former General’s dacha is the last remaining example of summer houses that were built at Utkina zavod’. Towards the end of the 19th century Utkina zavod’ became industrialized. The first developers worked quickly and before long the area housed many working factories, notably the famous brickworks and sawmills of Peter Belayev, the Thornton cloth mill and clothes factory, the Nevsky factory owned by the Vargunin brothers and many other smaller businesses. You can see the Nevsky area on the eastern bank of the River Volga, just above the green circle denoting Utkina Zavod
From a Russian website. Note the GAUBERT spelling of 'GOBBERTON'
Vargunin Alexander
(Founder Neva stationery factory built them in 1839)
(1807 - 80), together with British subjects, John Gobbertom, later yielded its share of his partner's brother, Pavel Ivanovich Vargunin. Nevsky factory, Russia's first introduced the production of paper using the steam engine, as well as the production of surrogate straw. Starting with 430,000 pounds of annual manufacture of paper in the amount of 190,000 rubles, the factory, the day of 50 years of its existence, working on three paper machines, has reached annual production of 8 000 000 pounds worth more than 1 400 000 rubles. - Vladimir Pavlovich Vargunin (died 1888) - Ph.D. in St. Petersburg. University, managing the factory, did much to improve the life of workers, he founded a guardianship, a school for workers, hostel, Sunday schools for adults. Vargunin (since 1857) are also members of the company Uglich stationery factory (in Uglich) - one of the best Russian factories, now excrete paper.
Son of Alexander Ivanovich - Nikolai Alexandrovich Vargunin (1850 - 1897), . after graduating from the University, himself to the cause of public education among the large factory population Shlisselbourg plot, .first time with his cousin, Vladimir,
.
Thanks to him, there are technical classrooms, libraries, Nevskoye society about the structure of folk entertainment, with a reading and theatre, and other educational institutions. As the vowel of the St. Petersburg City Council and St. Petersburg provincial and district assemblies Zemsky, Vargunin cared mostly about elementary schools. - See. "Proceedings of the Imperial Free Economic Society", 1897, N 5.
This is the state registry office, where they give you a marriage certificate. But it is not dull and formal, as this is a beautiful former aristocratic mansion. It is in the very centre of the city so it provides a good location for a photo session after the ceremony. Nearby spots are: Taurida garden and palace, Smolny cathedral. Michael's castle, Summer gardens. What's more...I had my wedding there :)
Здание было выстроено для К.А.Варгунина - сына основателя Невской писчебумажной фабрики. The building was built for KA Vargunin - son of the founder of the Neva stationery factory.
Nevsky District